ABOUT COURSE
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course stresses practical aspects of reservoir characterization for reservoir and production engineers, with a special emphasis on:
- Reservoir characterization
- Assessing recovery and reserves
- Permeability-porosity modeling
- Petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured carbonates
- Rock typing, reservoir zoning and flow units
- Interpretation of pressure tests of vertical and horizontal wells in carbonates
- Reservoir management for optimum performance
COURSE OBJETIVE
At the end of this course, the participants will be able to do the following:
- Integrate rock data obtained from logs and cores
- Generate permeability-porosity relations unique to their reservoir
- Relate primary depositional facies to pore architecture and reservoir quality
- Utilize data from formation evaluation tools to determine reservoir quality
- Identify and characterize flow units
- Analyze the variations in pore architecture and its effect on permeability
- Relate fracture density, aperture, and length to facies, lithology and digenesis
- Determine fracture porosity and permeability in carbonate rocks
- Calculate Porosity partitioning coefficient of a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir
- Calculate storage capacity and inter-porosity flow factor from well tests.
- Analyze well tests in naturally fractured carbonates
- Analyze vertical and horizontal well test data in carbonate reservoir management
- Use MBE to analyze impact of pressure Depletion on Recovery
- Select the appropriate EOR technique for carbonate reservoirs
WHO SHOULD ATTEND
Petroleum engineers, such as production engineers, reservoir engineers, and geological engineers. Geologists and geophysicists with a good mathematical background, and who are involved in the area of formation evaluation and field development.
CONTENIDO
1. PETROPHYSICAL EVALUATION OF NATURALLYFRACTURED CARBONATE FORMATION
- Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (VIDEO)
- Indicators of Natural Fractures, Visual Identification of Fractures
- Fracture Porosity Determination
- Porosity Partitioning Coefficient, Fracture Intensity Index
- Permeability-Porosity Relationships
- Fracture Porosity and Aperture from Cores
- Fracture Area, Fracture Storage Capacity, Fracture Conductivity
- Cementation Factor in Carbonate Reservoirs
- NMR Response Characteristics in Carbonates
- Petrophysical Characteristics for Use in Dual-Porosity Simulators
- Exercises
2. ASSESSING RESOURCES, RESERVES & RECOVERY
- R/P Ratio: DNA of a Company
- Petroleum Reserves: Definitions (VIDEO)
- Estimating Oil in place
- Recovery Efficiency and Reserves of Under-saturated Reservoirs
- Recovery Efficiency and Reserves of Saturated Reservoirs
- Estimating Reserves of a Water Drive Reservoir
- Impact of Drive Mechanism on Recovery (VIDEO)
- Estimating Gas Reserves
- Recovery Efficiency, API Correlations
- Fluid Contacts
- Residual Oil Zone and Transition Zone
- Unconventional Resources
- Exercises
3. ROCK TYPING, RESERVOIR ZONING & FLOW UNITS
- Reservoir Environments & their Characteristics (VIDEO)
- Permeability-Porosity Models
- Identification & Characterization of Flow Units in Clean Formations
- Flow units in clean sands, flow zone index
- Reservoir characterization by the J-function
- Identification & Characterization of Flow Units in Shaly Formations
- Log-derived evaluation of shaly sands
- Flow units in shaly formations, shale zone index
- Reservoir Quality Index for Fractured Systems
- Permeability Averaging Techniques
- Porosity Averaging Techniques
- Exercises
4. NET-PAY CUT-OFF, WINLAND R35 & FLOW UNITS
- Determining Net-Pay Cut-Off
- Winland R35 Net-Pay Cut-off
- Cut-Off Determination in Low Permeability Sands
- The Pittman-Apex Net-Pay Cut-Off Method
- Net-Pay Cut-Off In Carbonate Rocks
- Flow Unit: Winland R35, RQI, FZI and FFI
- Flow Unit: Pittman-Apex, RQI, FZI and FFI
- Reservoir Management of Mature Field (VIDEO)
- Reservoir Description & History Matching
- Limitations of Petrophysical Evaluation
- Exercises
5. MODERN WELL TEST ANALYSIS IN NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIR
- Fundamentals of WTA & Test Design (VIDEO)
- Pseudo-steady state Flow Model
- Transient Matrix Flow Model
- Anisotropic carbonates & Interference testing
- Composite Reservoirs
- Exercises
6. RESERVOIR PERFORMANCE OF HORIZONTAL WELLS IN CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
- Geological Aspects of Horizontal Wells (VIDEO)
- Horizontal well applications
- Overview of Horizontal Wells
- Limitations of Horizontal Wells
- Importance of Vertical Permeability to HW Performance
- Objectives of HW in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
- Pseudo-steady state and matrix flow
- Anisotropic Reservoirs
- Exercises
7. RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT OF CARBONATE RESERVOIRS
- Gas Reservoirs
- Undersaturated Carbonate Reservoirs
- Saturated Carbonate Reservoirs
- Reservoir Management Of Mature Fields (VIDEO)
- Study Objectives
- History Matching
- Integration of well test Data in reservoir characterization
- Mechanics of Data Integration
- Numerical and Practical Issues in the integration of rock data
- EOR For Carbonates
- Exercises